Published: 27 Aug 2022 › Updated: 27 Aug 2022
实现交易 / go实现简易区块链 #5
在交易中我们把币送给其它人, 为了实现这个,需要创建一笔交易,把它设到区块中,然后挖出这个区块。
func NewUTXOTransaction(from, to string, amount int, bc *Blockchain) *Transaction {
var inputs []TXInput
var outputs []TXOutput
acc, validOutputs := bc.FindSpendableOutputs(from, amount)
if acc < amount {
log.Panic("ERROR: Not enough funds")
}
// Build a list of inputs
for txid, outs := range validOutputs {
txID, err := hex.DecodeString(txid)
for _, out := range outs {
input := TXInput{txID, out, from}
inputs = append(inputs, input)
}
}
// Build a list of outputs
outputs = append(outputs, TXOutput{amount, to})
if acc > amount {
outputs = append(outputs, TXOutput{acc - amount, from}) // a change
}
tx := Transaction{nil, inputs, outputs}
tx.SetID()
return &tx
}
在创建新的output前,首先得找到所有有结余的output,也就是有足够的余额。FindSpendableOutputs方法负责做这事。
func (bc *Blockchain) FindSpendableOutputs(address string, amount int) (int, map[string][]int) {
unspentOutputs := make(map[string][]int)
unspentTXs := bc.FindUnspentTransactions(address)
accumulated := 0
Work:
for _, tx := range unspentTXs {
txID := hex.EncodeToString(tx.ID)
for outIdx, out := range tx.Vout {
if out.CanBeUnlockedWith(address) && accumulated < amount {
accumulated += out.Value
unspentOutputs[txID] = append(unspentOutputs[txID], outIdx)
if accumulated >= amount {
break Work
}
}
}
}
return accumulated, unspentOutputs
}
该方法遍历所有有结余的交易,汇总它们的值,当汇总的值等于或大于需要传送到其它地址的值时,就会停止查找,立即返回已经汇总到的值和以交易id分组的output索引数组。不需要找到比本次传送额更多的output。
最后,实现Send方法:
func (cli *CLI) send(from, to string, amount int) {
bc := NewBlockchain(from)
defer bc.db.Close()
tx := NewUTXOTransaction(from, to, amount, bc)
bc.MineBlock([]*Transaction{tx})
fmt.Println("Success!")
}
传送币到其它地址,这就是实现新的交易。在区块链网络中,会把所有的交易放到存储池中,按费用的多少排序打包,广播这些交易(确认)。
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