🇬🇧 Apprentice or Cheap Labor?
All of us, or at least the vast majority, have been interns at some point in our lives.
In my case, as a requirement to graduate from secondary school — which we call "bachillerato" — it was necessary to complete an internship of a certain number of class hours, which was usually one month full-time or two months part-time.
Honestly, looking back in retrospect, it was practically like working for real, because most of us already had theoretical knowledge and it was not as though we knew absolutely nothing at all.
On top of that, doing the internship represented an additional financial outlay — for transportation, appropriate clothing, and meals outside the home, since we were essentially out all day, given that we attended classes at night.
The harsh reality was that the payment of a small wage was left entirely to the discretion of the company where you did your internship. I was lucky enough to have received a small sum, which was very welcome indeed.
While during the internship or practical training period we do not yet have the full experience and knowledge required to perform a job as such, we do carry out tasks suited to our abilities.
But the truth is that we are all "apprentices" in any new job, because no matter how standardized the tasks may be, each company tends to have its own management systems and internal procedures that we must learn from scratch.
For all these reasons, my personal opinion is that internships or practical placements should always be paid, because work is never presumed to be provided free of charge.
Companies must be aware that any type of work — including that done by apprentices — deserves compensation, and they should not take advantage of students' need for experience.
Considering both factors — that we already had certain theoretical and technical knowledge, and that we also incurred daily expenses — it was entirely reasonable to expect some form of remuneration.
Yet because completing an internship is mandatory in order to pass a degree program or course, some companies take advantage of this and continuously "hire" interns as a way of saving on salaries.
Considering that education in many countries is free, the internship period should at the very least cover the expenses that students incur in order to complete it.
Companies should also be regulated to prevent them from abusing the internship system as a way of avoiding hiring permanent staff, since in the long run this could pose a serious problem for the job market.
Imagine companies deciding to fill assistant positions with free interns — positions that only require a little training, just as would be the case with any new assistant hire.
In the end, graduates who have completed their studies would struggle to find that first job as an assistant or auxiliary worker, because companies find it more cost-effective to take on zero-cost interns instead.
The internship system is valuable for students in terms of developing social skills and practical knowledge, but without adequate regulation it could ultimately work against them once they enter the job market as graduates.
Finally, one fair way to resolve this situation for all parties involved would be to grant interns at least the legal minimum wage — though there are surely other solutions we could think through together.
🇪🇸 ¿Aprendiz o Mano de Obra Barata?
Todos o al menos una gran mayorÃa de nosotros ha sido un pasante al menos durante una etapa de su vida.
En mi caso, como requisito para graduarme de la escuela secundaria, a la que llamamos "bachillerato", era necesario realizar una pasantÃa de unas cuántas horas cátedras, que solÃa ser un mes a jornada completa, o dos meses si era a medio tiempo.
La verdad, mirando en retroespectiva, era prácticamente como trabajar de verdad, porque la mayorÃa de nosotros tenÃamos conceptos teóricos y no era como que no supiéramos nada en absoluto.
Además, realizar la pasantÃa representaba un desembolso extra de dinero, por los pasajes, la ropa adecuada, la alimentación fuera de la casa, porque casi estábamos fuera un dÃa, ya que asistÃamos a clases por la noche.
La cruda realidad era que el pago de un pequeño salario quedaba a la voluntad de la empresa en la que hacÃas la pasantÃa. Yo tuve la suerte de haber recibido una pequeña suma, la cual fue muy bienvenida.
Si bien durante el periodo de pasantÃa o prácticas no tenemos la experiencia y todo el conocimiento necesario para realizar un trabajo como tal, sà llevamos a cabo tareas adecuadas a nuestras capacidades.
Pero la verdad es que todos somos "aprendices" en un trabajo nuevo, porque por más que lo que debamos realizar sea algo "estandarizado", cada empresa suele tener sus propios programas de gestión y procedimientos internos propios que debemos aprender.
Por todas estas razones, mi opinión personal es que las pasantÃas o prácticas siempre deben ser remuneradas, porque el trabajo nunca se presume a tÃtulo gratuito.
Las empresas deben ser conscientes de que cualquier tipo de trabajo, incluyendo el de aprendices merece un pago, y no aprovecharse de la necesidad de los estudiantes.
Considerando ambas cuestiones: que tenÃamos ciertos conocimientos teóricos técnicos, y además gastos diarios, era totalmente razonable esperar tener una retribución.
Pero por el hecho de que es obligatorio realizar una pasantÃa para aprobar ya sea la carrera o el curso, algunas empresas se aprovechan y "contratan" pasantes de forma continuada para asà ahorrarse en salarios.
Considerando que la educación en muchos paÃses es gratuita, el periodo de pasantÃa deberÃa cubrir al menos los gastos en los que los estudiantes incurren para realizarla.
Además se deberÃa reglamentar a las empresas para que no abusen del sistema de pasantÃas para evitar contratar personal, ya que a la larga, podrÃa presentar un problema para el mercado laboral.
Imaginen que las empresas decidan ocupar pasantes gratuitos para cubrir puestos de asistentes, ya que solo necesitan un poco de entrenamiento, al igual que pasarÃa con un asistente nuevo.
Al final, los egresados que terminaron su formación no encontrarán ese primer trabajo de asistente o auxiliar porque a las empresas les es más económico tener pasantes a costo cero.
El sistema de pasantÃas es bueno para los estudiantes para adquirir destrezas sociales y conocimientos prácticos, pero si no existe una reglamentación adecuada, también podrÃa perjudicarlos una vez sean egresados.
Finalmente, una forma de resolver con justicia para todas las partes interesadas este circunstancial inconveniente serÃa otorgar a los pasantes un salario mÃnimo legal, aunque de seguro habrán otras soluciones que podemos ir pensando juntos.
Original language: Spanish | Translation: Claude (Anthropic) | Cover image generated by: Meta AI
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