Active Orbital-Class Rockets (Operational or Under Development) as of August 2025

A comparison of the number of rockets globally that are owned by a nation compared to to private enterprise.

This count shows a trend toward private enterprise.
Nations: 25, Private Enterprise: 35

_{See below for details}

Nations (Government/State-Owned Enterprises)

Total: ~25 rocket types

1. United States:

   • Vulcan Centaur (operational)
   • Antares (operational)
   • Space Launch System (SLS) (operational)
   • Antares 330 (under development)

2. Russia:

   • Soyuz-2 (operational)
   • Proton-M (operational)
   • Angara (operational)
   • Soyuz-5 (under development)
   • Yenisei (under development)

3. China:

   • Long March series (operational)
   • Kuaizhou (operational)
   • Long March 10 (under development)
   • Long March 12 (operational)

4. ESA:

   • Ariane 6 (operational)
   • Vega (operational)
   • Maia (under development)

5. India:

   • PSLV (operational)
   • GSLV (operational)
   • LVM-3 (operational)
   • RLV-TD (under development)

6. Japan:

   • H-IIA (operational)
   • H3 (operational)
   • Next-Gen Launch Vehicle (under development)

7. South Korea:

   • Nuri (KSLV-II) (operational)
   • KSLV-III (under development)

8. Iran:

   • Simorgh (operational)
   • Qaem-100 (operational)
   • Sarir (under development)

9. Israel:

   • Shavit 2 (operational)
   • Next-Gen Shavit (under development)

10. North Korea:

    • Unha-3 (operational)
    • Chollima-1 (under development)

Private Enterprises

Total: ~35 rocket types

1. United States:

   • SpaceX: Falcon 9, Falcon Heavy, Starship (operational)
   • Rocket Lab: Electron (operational), Neutron (under development)
   • Blue Origin: New Glenn (under development)
   • Firefly Aerospace: Firefly Alpha (operational), Firefly Beta (under development)
   • Relativity Space: Terran 1 (operational), Terran R (under development)
   • ABL Space Systems: RS1 (under development)
   • Stoke Space: Nova (under development)
   • Astra: Rocket 4 (under development)
   • Aevum: Ravn X (under development)

2. China:

   • Galactic Energy: Ceres-1 (operational), Pallas-1 (under development)
   • i-Space: Hyperbola-1 (operational), Hyperbola-2 (under development)
   • Orienspace: Gravity-1 (operational), Gravity-2 (under development)
   • LandSpace: Zhuque-2 (operational), Zhuque-3 (under development)
   • Deep Blue Aerospace: Nebula-1 (under development)
   • Space Pioneer: Tianlong-2 (operational), Tianlong-3 (under development)

3. India:

   • Skyroot Aerospace: Vikram-1 (operational), Vikram-2 (under development)
   • Agnikul Cosmos: Agnibaan (under development)

4. United Kingdom:

   • Orbex: Prime (under development)
   • Skyrora: Skyrora XL (under development)
   • HyImpulse: HyImpulse SL-1 (under development)

5. Germany:

   • Isar Aerospace: Spectrum (under development)
   • Rocket Factory Augsburg: RFA One (under development)

6. France:

   • Latitude: Zephyr (under development)

7. Spain:

   • PLD Space: Miura 5 (under development)

8. Japan:

   • Interstellar Technologies: Zero (under development)

9. South Korea:

   • Innospace: Hapith V (under development)

10. Brazil:

    • VLM-1 (under development)

11. Argentina:

    • Tronador II (under development)
      
      

Notes

• Nation-owned rockets include established heavy-lift and crewed systems, while private enterprises focus on small-to-medium-lift and reusability.
• Rocket families (e.g., Long March) are counted as one type unless distinct (e.g., Long March 10).
• Private sector’s higher count reflects the commercial space boom, though many are still in development.