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A pleural effusion is accumulation of fluid inside the pleural space, that is, in the lungs. They have multiple causes also causing different pathologies, these liquids are classified as transudated or exudated and depending on this the treatment to follow will be determined.

In the laboratory many biological fluids arrive, such as the acystic, cerebrospinal and in this case I got a pleural in a guard. To analyze this type of liquid it is important to first observe and analyze the macroscopic characteristics such as the volume of the sample, the color, the appearance, the pH, the density if it has a clot present. To start, I prepare a sheet to start filling in the characteristics that I am observing.

After analyzing the macroscopic characteristics, I begin to separate the sample in the centrifuge to continue processing, including biochemical tests such as glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, and proteins that are extremely important.

In this step I also begin to perform the stains to observe under the microscope and perform the cell counts that are very important to determine the number of bacteria, leukocytes and red blood cells present in the sample.

Biological fluids are very long to process and when one arrives at the laboratory it is taken as a priority, especially if it is a cerebrospinal fluid. For the sampling of these liquids it must be performed in the operating room by a specialized doctor and whenever they are performed it is because the patient is not very well.

Fortunately, this liquid had few bacteria, leukocytes of 6-8xc and 50-52 red blood cells, as you can see in a previous photograph, you can see the blood plug at the end of the tube that must also be reported. This may indicate that the red blood cells present in the sample may indicate that it was a traumatic sample and not that it has an internal bleeding.

Once the biochemical and macroscopic tests are ready, it is time to sit under the microscope to observe the smears with special stains to observe the cells, to know the predominance of polynuclear or morphonuclear cells in the sample, which is of great medical interest. It can even give a clue to the pathology that the patient presents.

Little by little I added data and values to my sheet to finish my report, in this case the dark color is due to the presence of red blood cells more than some pathological process. The presence of bacteria was not evidenced, but there was a cell increase of 1.150cel/mm3. A differential at the expense of polymorphonuclears for 80% and 20% of mononuclears.

• Traductor DeepL
• Contenido de mi Autoria.
• Fotografía tomadas con mi iPhone 12 pro
  -Medios de edición: Canva